The federal government is set to shut down for the second time in six months after Congress failed to reach an agreement on an annual budget in time.

The U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is expected to notify federal agencies to begin shutdown preparations as early as after midnight on January 31, but unlike last time, the government is just entering Partially closed this weekend.

That’s because Congress was able to pass legislation to fully fund certain areas, such as the Department of Agriculture, the Legislature, and the Department of Justice, while most federal spending has yet to be determined.

Senate Democrats abandon bipartisan deal to fully fund federal government for remainder of fiscal 2026 amid presidential concerns donald trump Federal law enforcement surges in Minneapolis.

Graham blocks Trump-backed spending plan, calls it ‘bad deal’ as shutdown looms

The government is partially shut down after Congress failed to pass a federal funding deal in time to meet a Jan. 30 deadline. (Kevin Carter/Getty Images; Fox News photo and text)

Federal officers shot and killed two U.S. citizens during separate demonstrations against Trump’s immigration crackdown in the Midwestern city. In response, Democrats threatened to shelve a massive federal appropriations bill that also includes funding for the War Department, Labor Department, Health and Human Services Department, Transportation Department and other departments unless those departments are funded. Department of Homeland Security (Department of Homeland Security) was divested.

That means a prolonged shutdown could exacerbate delays for airlines, risk service members losing pay, and even limit some Medicaid and Medicare services.

senate democrats reach new agreement The White House has until Sept. 30 to fund all programs except the Department of Homeland Security, which makes up the bulk of federal spending. The Department of Homeland Security will continue to operate but will extend current spending levels by two weeks to give Congress time to work out a compromise that would include tighter oversight of immigration enforcement agencies under the department’s purview.

New York State Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and New York State House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries hold a joint press conference at the U.S. Capitol on January 8, 2026. (Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call via Getty Images)

President Donald Trump praises funding truce he reached with Senate Minority Leader Chuck SchumerD.N.Y., in an article on Truth Social. He urged Republicans to support the plan, warning that “the only thing that will slow our country down is another long and damaging government shutdown.”

Still, it’s a bitter pill for some Senate Republicans, who were already frustrated by the original package. A few are angry about the billions in earmarked funding that come with the bill.

And Sen. Lindsey GrahamR-S.C. was outraged by the House’s inclusion of a provision that would allow senators to sue for up to $500,000 if they were subpoenaed for phone records by former special counsel Jack Smith.

Democrats’ DHS shutdown threat to hit FEMA and TSA as immigration funding remains unchanged

Senator Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., speaks during a news conference at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, DC, July 31, 2024. (Kent West Village/Getty Images)

“Speaker Johnson, you disrupted me. I will not forget that,” Graham said. “I have a lot of good friends in the House. If you think I’m going to give up on this, you really don’t know me.”

Senate Majority Leader John Thune (R-S.D.), with help from Senate Democrats, quelled opposition and moved forward with the revised package. Although the deal passed the Senate, it still must be considered by the House of Representatives.

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house Passed the original federal funding package that Democrats abandoned in late January, but Must vote again later Senate amendments.

That means the duration of the shutdown will depend on how long it takes next week for House Speaker Mike Johnson, R-Louisiana, to get Republicans and Democrats around the legislation.