2020: During the coronavirus pandemic, Mr. Trudeau became the first Group of 7 leader to self-isolate, after his wife, Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, tested positive for Covid-19. (They are now separated.) Mr. Trudeau has pushed for restrictive measures and has been the target of his conservative critics, even though most of the restrictions have been imposed by provincial governments.

2021: When his rating was still relatively high, Mr. Trudeau called the snap election, saying he wanted a strong mandate for his party to lead Canada out of the pandemic and into economic recovery. He pulled off a narrow victory, but the Liberal Party again failed to secure a majority.

2022: Canadian protesters fighting vaccine demands have paralyzed the capital, Ottawa, and several border crossings. Mr. Trudeau took the rare step of declaring a state of public order emergency in the country, allowing authorities to aggressively enforce public order, ban public gatherings and limiting travel. It was a move that fueled anger from conservatives against him, while rising housing costs and inflation were a frustration for Canadians of all political persuasions.

2023: In a conversation with The New York Times in 2023, Mr. Trudeau noticed people were angry. “It’s really crap right now. Like, people are all shit, even in Canada. We’re supposed to be polite and nice, but, man, people are angry.” While battling public anger over housing costs and high unemployment, Mr. Trudeau has also had friction with India, accusing “agents of the Indian government” of assassinating a Sikh community leader in British Columbia.

in 2024: In September at Mr. Trudeau hold on power slipped somewhat when the left-leaning New Democratic Party deprived the Liberals of the guaranteed support needed to pass legislation. In October, Mr. Trudeau said he had tightening of Canadian immigration policy after the country took in nearly three million people over three years, straining health care and other services, a move seen as an admission that his policies had failed. In December, Chrystia Freeland, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, abruptly resigned, sharp rebuke to Mr. Trudeau.

2025: Mr. Trudeau bowed to pressure from many in his party to step down.